Other stuff

Proposal to review House of Lannister financial statements

Going Concern has publicized the recently released financial statements for HBO’s Game of Thrones:  House Lannister’s Balance Sheet (Unaudited) Isn’t Looking So Hot.

The balance sheet was published by FloQast – Game of Thrones: The House of Lannister’s Financial Statements

You can find the balance sheet and notes here: Season 4 financial statements –

Leaked documents

In the interest of further extending the discussion of the financials, I am publishing below an internal e-mail sent to me anonymously by a senior manager in an eighth tier accounting firm here in the U.S. His (or her) firm is considering submitting a proposal for a review.

The memo, with names redacted:

Proposal to review House of Lannister financial statements Read More »

Ancient finances, Alexander the Great chapter

Image: Flickr by Carole Raddato
Image: Flickr by Carole Raddato

Image: Flickr by Carole Raddato

The Wall Street Journal has a delightful review by James Romm:  Conqueror and Squanderer. The review is of The Treasures of Alexander the Great: How One Man’s Wealth Shaped the World by Frank Holt.

I have a growing interest in ancient finances. Try thinking about how to run a large operation, such as an empire or an army on campaign when there is no banking system and no means of storing wealth other than controlling territory or possessing gold or silver. There is no way to gain any sort of liquidity. Your ability to buy something is limited to the gold in your hand.

How you pay your army today here in the field or buy supplies for 20,000 troops when your wealth is in the form of tons of gold which is a two-month march behind you?

Ancient finances, Alexander the Great chapter Read More »

Update on Panama Papers: searchable data base, no more bearer stocks, reasons to park money offshore

Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com
Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com

Panama will be shutting down the bearer share concept for documenting ownership of a company. ICIJ plans to release a huge database on shell companies. Also some reasons I would have an offshore company or maybe five if I was a billionaire or high official in a corrupt country.

If I was super rich, I’d park some money offshore

4/19 – Daily Beast – Obama in Saudi Arabia: What Do These Oil Sheiks Have to Hide? – Short answer: their contingency escape plans.

Article wonders why the rulers in an absolute monarchy would want to park money in anonymous offshore accounts. Article suggests there isn’t any need to do so since absolute rulers not only own the country but decide by themselves what is legal and illegal.

The reason can be found by looking around after the Arab Spring. It seems like in just a flash the governments of Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt collapsed. Even the current prime minister of Pakistan was ousted (he has since regained power) and had to flee for his life.

The longer answer for hiding money in offshore accounts is it that when things can change overnight, you need to have someplace to run and some money to work with. An escape plan.

And then there are the super rich people who made their money legitimately.

Update on Panama Papers: searchable data base, no more bearer stocks, reasons to park money offshore Read More »

Reporters will not be sharing Panama Paper files with criminal investigators. Reporters are thinking they are journalists, not law enforcement staff.

Image courtesy DollarPhotoClub.com
Image courtesy DollarPhotoClub.com

A variety of governments want to get a complete set of the original files from the Panama Papers leak. The reporters are saying “no.”

4/19 – The Guardian – Panama Papers: US launches criminal inquiry into tax avoidance claims – First, a tip to the scare-mongering headline writer, editor, and reporter:

  • tax avoidance is not illegal.

Where there is tax evasion, I say throw ‘em in the clink.

On the other hand, as much as the reporter and editor may believe every penny of profit belongs to the government, it is not illegal to comply with the provisions of the tax law.

Other than announcing an investigation has begun, the article gives no more detail.

In particular, there is no indication of how DoJ plans to avoid tainting the investigation by viewing documents it knows are covered by attorney-client privilege. Based on my businessman’s limited knowledge of the law, I think the implications of knowingly viewing documents protected by attorney-client privilege would permanently taint any prosecution brought after reading those documents. That means any case that can be linked to tainted documents would get dismissed.

4/20 – Bloomberg – Panama Leak Spur New York Regulator to Seek Records From Banks – The Department of Financial Services jumps into the fray.

Reporters will not be sharing Panama Paper files with criminal investigators. Reporters are thinking they are journalists, not law enforcement staff. Read More »

The most interesting information from the Panama Papers is what *isn’t* in the files.

Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com
Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com

The best stories to be told as a result of the massive data leak cannot yet be written.

Why?

The really smart people use multiple layers of shell companies to hide assets.  When laundering money, one should move assets through a series of companies, with each subsequent jump being anonymous.

A long time ago I attended a continuing education class helping CPAs understand fraud. Why are such classes required? So that, hopefully, maybe, CPAs will be able to recognize fraud when it stares them in the face during the course of an audit.

During the class, the instructor went off script and explained to us how to launder money.

The most interesting information from the Panama Papers is what *isn’t* in the files. Read More »

Ballots are out for the proposed AICPA merger with CIMA

Got an email last evening which contained a link to the on-line ballot for the vote.

The AICPA has proposed combining their operations with the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA). The new entity will be the Association of International Certified Professional Accountants. Yes, to confuse the market place there will be another AICPA.

I previously pondered On that merger of the AICPA and the CIMA resulting in a new AICPA.

Well, the ballots are out. I am guessing yours has arrived.

Voting took me just a moment to complete.

Please vote.

Ballots are out for the proposed AICPA merger with CIMA Read More »

Update on Panama Papers – 4/19

Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com
Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com

Hasn’t been a lot of breaking news on the Panama Papers lately. Fair amount of follow-up though.

Here are a few articles of interest to me.

  • General update. How massive stories might be staffed in future.
  • More comments on the legitimate of offshore banking.
  • Senior government officials under the spotlight.

General update

4/9 – Fabius Maximus –Those Who Are (and Are Not) Sheltered From the Panama Papers – News we’ve heard thus far is likely just the tip of the iceberg of what will ultimately come out of the massive leak. Article pointed me to the following:

4/8 – Stratfor – Those Who Are (and Are Not) Sheltered From the Panama Papers Most of the damaging information released to date hits the developing world the most. Yet the bigger impact in on the western countries where there is relatively little information.

Article starts with point that the news we’ve read so far is just the start. Also points out the big leaks are growing in frequency and volume over the last several years.

Very long article walks through on a country-by-country basis what has been revealed and how big an issue is present. A few things of interest to me:

Senior politicians are implicated in five of the former Soviet republics.

A number of current or former Politburo members in China have family members involved.

Article dives deep into the possible implications or lack thereof in each of many countries.

4/14 – New Yorker – The Panama Papers and the Monster Stories of the Future – The person leaking the story gave the material to a German newspaper, who did not have the staffing to handle the story.

Update on Panama Papers – 4/19 Read More »

On that merger of the AICPA and the CIMA resulting in a new AICPA.

The AICPA is proposing a merger with the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA) with the merged entity being called the AICPA.

Yes, that’s right. The new organization will be the Association of International Certified Professional Accountants.

Fifteen years ago we had the “cognitor” mess. That faded.

Now we have the CGMA credential which initially was available to anyone with a CPA certificate that wanted to write a check. Now it is open to anyone that wants to take a rigorous test, with no CPA credential needed. Apparently that hasn’t gone over very well, according to an article I will mention shortly.

So now we have a proposed merger of the AICPA (with CPA) with the CIMA to create the AICPA (with professional accountants in title).

An article at Going Concern is the starting point for my discussion today: Don’t Forget: Voting on the AICPA-CIMA Merger Starts on Monday.

Caleb Newquist doesn’t see much purpose here other than a power play by the AICPA (with CPA in title) leadership to increase their power by bringing in a lot of new members. He also sees AICPA (without CPA in title) as a dilution of the CPA brand.

That is my biggest concern. In addition to removing certified public accountant from the title of our new trade association there is a serious risk this would reduce the focus on the CPA world which would further reduce the brand.

Tom Hood, CEO of the Maryland Association of CPAs, speaks in favor of the proposal in a comment at the Going Concern article.

Background

If you want background from the AICPA, you can find it at the accounting horizons website.

In case you are wondering about the use of the word merger, looks to me like that is the appropriate description. Consider the second bullet point on the highlight page: …

On that merger of the AICPA and the CIMA resulting in a new AICPA. Read More »

More updates on Panama Papers leak. 4/14

Image courtesy DollarPhotoClub.com
Image courtesy DollarPhotoClub.com

Here are a few articles I found of interest in the last few days on offshore banking as revealed by the Panama Papers leak.

4/7 (from 4/9 print edition) – The Economist – A torrential leak – Not much news to me or to you if you’ve been reading my posts this week. This would be a great introduction if you have just tuned in.

A couple of tidbits. The law firm involved worked with around 14,000 law firms, incorporation companies, and banks, according to an estimate by ICIJ. Somewhere around 500 banks were involved in setting up companies. HSBC reportedly set up around 2,000 shell companies.

4/6 – Politico – Panama Papers pose ethics issues for U.S. prosecutors – Apparently there is a massive roadblock for the DoJ using all the materials in the data dump. Prosecutors are not allowed to even look at material that they think might be covered by attorney-client privilege. That makes it an issue to look at anything that came out of a law firm. Many documents are under attorney-client protection and almost all documents might be so covered.

4/6 – The Australian – Panama Papers: scary revelations for HSBC – …

More updates on Panama Papers leak. 4/14 Read More »

First class mail rates to drop April 10, 2016

Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com
Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com

Price for first class mail will drop from $0.49 to $0.47 on 4/10/16. Price for an additional ounces will drop from $0.22 to $0.21.

If you are a large enough organization to have a shipping department or a staff person who keeps up on all the minutia of shipping, then you already knew about this change. If you are a small organization like me, you may not have noticed. Since I just caught wind of it yesterday, I’m sure there are lots of other people who don’t know about it yet.

(Cross-post from my other blog, Nonprofit Update, because I’m guessing lots of other small CPA firms haven’t noticed the change.)

A surcharge was put in place two years ago, in January 2014, equal to the reductions mentioned above. The surcharge was designed to catch up for the revenue drop during the great recession. The regulator for postal prices (Postal Regulatory Commission) ordered the surcharge added in 2014 and ordered it to be dropped this month.

After a search, I could not find the new price list at the USPS website, so I’m left with a guess that the flat envelope rates will change by the same amounts.

Additional info:

First class mail rates to drop April 10, 2016 Read More »

Place ‘yer bets, place ‘yer bets! Which government do ya’ think will be next to fall? Place ‘yer bets now!

Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com
Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com

I was planning to wait a day or two before posting this, but realized better get it posted before it is overtaken by events.

Keep in mind the prime minister of Iceland has already resigned.

4/6 – Francine McKenna – Bookmakers set odds for next leader to resign after Panama Papers mention – How’s this for a commentary on the sad state of affairs? Irish bookie is setting odds for the next head of state to resign over revelations from the Panama Papers leak.

Current odds? …

Place ‘yer bets, place ‘yer bets! Which government do ya’ think will be next to fall? Place ‘yer bets now! Read More »

Oh, the things you can learn from the Panama Papers. Did you know that documenting ownership of a shell company through bearer stocks is even a real thing?

Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com
Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com

Yes, it is actually possible to organize your offshore company with the ownership documented with bearer stocks. Join me as I dive into the fine details of a WSJ article.

4/6 – Wall Street Journal – Panama Papers: Hiding Cash Has Become Crummy Business – Even Switzerland has joined the crackdown on hiding money. Prosecutors there leaked information on the Malaysian scandal. That’s a whole other story that I won’t go into. The point is Swiss prosecutors are going after money launderers and embezzlers. Swiss prosecutors.  You know, from Switzerland. Land-of-the-numbered-account Switzerland.

More detail from the article:

The offshore “business” has been shrinking for a long time. Article says the firm of Mossack Fonseca & Co saw a two-thirds decline in the number of companies they incorporated between 2005 and 2015, dropping from 13,287 to 4,341 in a decade.

Article says the Panama Papers say the law firm’s clients have incorporated 16,323 companies over the last three years but have closed up 28,777 in the same time. That’s a net shrinkage of over 12,000.

The company represented around 6,000 businesses in 2005 whose ownership was evidenced using bearer shares. Currently they represent 170. That’s a drop of 97% in a decade in the number of clients using bearer shares.

Bearer shares. Did you know that was even a thing? Before I get to that, let me describe bearer bonds.

Bearer bonds

Oh, the things you can learn from the Panama Papers. Did you know that documenting ownership of a shell company through bearer stocks is even a real thing? Read More »

Initial follow-up to Panama Papers leak

Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com
Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com

Previously mentioned the massive leak of data about offshore banking that hit headlines this past Sunday. This is now called either the Panama Papers or Panama leak, take your pick. Here are a few of the initial articles on the follow-up that I found interesting.

There are more and deeper issues than just tax evasion. By the way, the term we should be discussing is tax evasion, not tax avoidance. Avoidance means complying with the tax law in order to lawfully reduce your tax bill. Evasion means breaking the law.

Simple introduction to offshore banking

4/4 – Vox – The Panama Papers leak, explained with an adorable comic about piggy banks – Simple cartoon gives a great illustration of a little boy hiding some quarters from his mommy in a piggy bank stored in his little friend’s closet. Lots of other little boys to the same. Eventually the friend’s mommy finds all the piggy banks and calls all the moms.

Some of the little boys may just have wanted to hide a few extra quarters from mommy because they wanted some privacy. Others may have been stealing lunch money from their schoolmates and don’t want mommy to know. Some may have been stealing from mommy’s purse. Yet others may have been wanting to save up a couple of dollars to buy an actual surprise birthday present for mommy and daddy. Some have gotten tired of their siblings sneaking into their piggy bank.

First casualty

4/5 – The Guardian – Iceland prime minister resigns over Panama Papers revelations – Watch how fast things have developed.

Initial follow-up to Panama Papers leak Read More »

Massive document leak on offshore banking. Intro to the Panama Papers.

Old style money laundering. Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com
Old style money laundering. Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com

A massive amount of whistle blower information was announced over the weekend. The files are from a large law firm in Panama that helped companies and individuals set up offshore companies. This is called the Panama Papers.

There are many legitimate reasons to use offshore companies. There are many illegitimate reasons too.

I’ve just started looking at the story. Here are a few introductory tidbits.

Massive document leak on offshore banking. Intro to the Panama Papers. Read More »

Surprise! Enforcement efforts against money laundering have unintended consequences.

Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com.
Image courtesy of DollarPhotoClub.com.

Severe fines against large banks for violating anti-money laundering rules has led the banks to place a heavy focus on making sure their customers are legit. The result is a closing accounts of customers who have too high a risk of being shady. The unintended consequence is legitimate businesses and legitimate charities have difficulty finding a place to do their banking.

In a wonderful irony, articles at The Wall Street Journal on two successive days illustrate the tension. The articles leave you wondering in opposite directions. One article makes you think the banks ought to get serious about screening clients and shut down a bunch of accounts. The other article makes you wonder why these charities doing such wonderful work are getting all their accounts closed for no good reason.

First, charities finding themselves without bank accounts.

3/30 – Wall Street Journal – Cautious Banks Hinder Charity Financing / Account shutdowns and holdups of money transfers hinder ability to deliver aid to refugees – A charity that funds a school in Turkey which provides education to around 400 refugees from Syria had their account closed by JP Morgan for no stated reason. After an inquiry from the WSJ, the bank reversed their decision.

Another charity that operates a hospital in Syria had their accounts closed by BofA. After moving to Wells Fargo, their accounts were closed there. Staff at the hospital went four months without pay while the charity tried to figure how to get money into the country.

Authors have spoken to eight other charities who have had their accounts closed. Many others have had money transfers going into Syria, Turkey, or Lebanon held up for varying lengths of time.

Article mentions that banks are under pressure from the U.S. federal government to monitor their customers accounts and close those accounts which could be related to money laundering, whether related to drug running, terrorist financing, or other illegal activity.

Surprise! Enforcement efforts against money laundering have unintended consequences. Read More »